Is Dementia a Disability?
Under the ADA, dementia may be considered a disability if it substantially limits one or more major life activities — such as thinking, concentrating, communicating, learning, or working. Because the ADA defines disability broadly, many people living with dementia may be protected by the law.
It is important to understand that having a disability under the ADA does not mean you are unable to work. In fact, many people living with dementia continue working successfully for months or even years. The ADA exists to help ensure qualified individuals are treated fairly and have the opportunity to continue working, including receiving reasonable accommodations when appropriate.
Is Dementia a Disability
Dr. Dietrich, Physician Living with Dementia
Read the transcript
Hi, I'm Dr. Dietrich. I spent most of my career as a neurologist, sitting across from patients and explaining diagnoses.
A few years ago, I was diagnosed with dementia myself. Today, I'm on the other side of that conversation.
A question I hear often is: does dementia count as a serious health condition under FMLA? I understand why people ask — the language sounds complicated. But the answer, in many cases, is yes.
FMLA considers ongoing medical care — regular appointments, monitoring, continued treatment. Dementia is a progressive condition, so this kind of care is often already part of daily life. It's your health care provider who documents this, not your employer, and not you alone.
So, if you've been unsure whether FMLA applies to your situation, start there. Ask your doctor. Ask Human Resources. The question is simple, even when the diagnosis feels complicated.
What I Want You to Know: Dementia can qualify as a serious health condition under FMLA — and your health care provider is the one who can help confirm that for you.
Dementia Symptoms Checklist
Dementia Symptoms Checklist
Developed by an interdisciplinary team of retired physicians living with neurocognitive disorders, this checklist — with short videos illustrating many of the symptoms — can help you identify the cognitive, communication, sensory, and everyday challenges you're experiencing, whether you're preparing for a health care appointment or a conversation with your employer.